"寵愛" meaning in All languages combined

See 寵愛 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/, /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/, /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/, /tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/, /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/, /tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/, /tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/, /tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/ Chinese transliterations: chǒng'ài [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄔㄨㄥˇ ㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], cung² oi³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], thióng-ài [Hokkien, POJ], tong² ain³ [Peng'im, Teochew], chǒng'ài [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], chǒng-ài [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chʻung³-ai⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], chǔng-ài [Mandarin, Yale], choongay [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], чунъай [Mandarin, Palladius], čunʺaj [Mandarin, Palladius], chúng oi [Cantonese, Yale], tsung² oi³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], cung² oi³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], thióng-ài [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tiofng'aix [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], thóng àiⁿ [POJ, Teochew], trhjowngX 'ojH [Middle-Chinese], /*r̥oŋʔ [q]ˤə[p]-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*r̥ʰoŋʔ qɯːds/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang] Forms: 宠爱
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 寵愛
  1. to dote on; to make a pet of

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i] Forms: 寵愛 [canonical] (ruby: (ちょう), (あい)), chōai [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ちょうあい}} 寵(ちょう)愛(あい) • (chōai)
  1. favour
    Sense id: en-寵愛-ja-noun-ZhZm7VMr Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 90 10 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 90 10 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 59 41 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 90 10 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 74 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 74 26

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i]
Forms: 寵愛する [canonical] (ruby: (ちょう), (あい)), chōai suru [romanization], 寵愛し [stem] (ruby: (ちょう), (あい)), 寵愛した [past] (ruby: (ちょう), (あい)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 寵愛し [error-unrecognized-form], ちょうあいし [error-unrecognized-form], chōai shi [error-unrecognized-form], 寵愛する [error-unrecognized-form], ちょうあいする [error-unrecognized-form], chōai suru [error-unrecognized-form], 寵愛すれ [error-unrecognized-form], ちょうあいすれ [error-unrecognized-form], chōai sure [error-unrecognized-form], 寵愛せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 寵愛しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], ちょうあいせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], ちょうあいしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], chōai seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], chōai shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 寵愛される [passive], ちょうあいされる [passive], chōai sareru [passive], 寵愛させる [causative], 寵愛さす [causative], ちょうあいさせる [causative], ちょうあいさす [causative], chōai saseru [causative], chōai sasu [causative], 寵愛できる [potential], ちょうあいできる [potential], chōai dekiru [potential], 寵愛しよう [volitional], ちょうあいしよう [volitional], chōai shiyō [volitional], 寵愛しない [negative], ちょうあいしない [negative], chōai shinai [negative], 寵愛せず [continuative, negative], ちょうあいせず [continuative, negative], chōai sezu [continuative, negative], 寵愛します [formal], ちょうあいします [formal], chōai shimasu [formal], 寵愛した [perfective], ちょうあいした [perfective], chōai shita [perfective], 寵愛して [conjunctive], ちょうあいして [conjunctive], chōai shite [conjunctive], 寵愛すれば [conditional, hypothetical], ちょうあいすれば [conditional, hypothetical], chōai sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to love specially; to show favour for Synonyms: 慈しむ, いとおしむ, 愛でる
    Sense id: en-寵愛-ja-verb-8nMH1qfK

Noun [Korean]

Forms: chong'ae [romanization], 총애 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=총애}} 寵愛 • (chong'ae) (hangeul 총애)
  1. hanja form of 총애 Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 총애
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "宠爱",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "寵愛",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dote on; to make a pet of"
      ],
      "id": "en-寵愛-zh-verb-2QmIsgag",
      "links": [
        [
          "dote",
          "dote"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "pet",
          "pet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "jiāo",
          "word": "嬌"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāo",
          "word": "娇"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāoguàn",
          "word": "嬌慣"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāoguàn",
          "word": "娇惯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāozòng",
          "word": "嬌縱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiāozòng",
          "word": "娇纵"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guàn",
          "word": "慣"
        },
        {
          "roman": "guàn",
          "word": "惯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fàngzòng",
          "word": "放縱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fàngzòng",
          "word": "放纵"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nì'ài",
          "word": "溺愛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nì'ài",
          "word": "溺爱"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄔㄨㄥˇ ㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thióng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong² ain³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻung³-ai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǔng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "choongay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чунъай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "čunʺaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chúng oi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thióng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tiofng'aix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thóng àiⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "trhjowngX 'ojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*r̥oŋʔ [q]ˤə[p]-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*r̥ʰoŋʔ qɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[q]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[p]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*r̥ʰoŋʔ qɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寵愛",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちょうあい"
      },
      "expansion": "寵(ちょう)愛(あい) • (chōai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to receive one's favour",
          "roman": "chōai o ukeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "寵",
              "ちょう"
            ],
            [
              "愛",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "受",
              "う"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "寵愛を受ける"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "favour"
      ],
      "id": "en-寵愛-ja-noun-ZhZm7VMr",
      "links": [
        [
          "favour",
          "favour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちょーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寵愛する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛し",
      "roman": "chōai shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛した",
      "roman": "chōai shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to love specially; to show favour for"
      ],
      "id": "en-寵愛-ja-verb-8nMH1qfK",
      "links": [
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ],
        [
          "specially",
          "specially"
        ],
        [
          "show",
          "show"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "慈しむ"
        },
        {
          "word": "いとおしむ"
        },
        {
          "word": "愛でる"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちょーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chong'ae",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "총애",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "총애"
      },
      "expansion": "寵愛 • (chong'ae) (hangeul 총애)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "총애"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 총애"
      ],
      "id": "en-寵愛-ko-noun-sLzdvj4q",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "총애",
          "총애#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "宠爱",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "寵愛",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 寵",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 愛",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin verbs",
        "Middle Chinese lemmas",
        "Middle Chinese verbs",
        "Old Chinese lemmas",
        "Old Chinese verbs",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "Teochew verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dote on; to make a pet of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dote",
          "dote"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "pet",
          "pet"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄔㄨㄥˇ ㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thióng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong² ain³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǒng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻung³-ai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǔng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "choongay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чунъай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "čunʺaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chúng oi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cung² oi³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thióng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tiofng'aix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thóng àiⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "trhjowngX 'ojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*r̥oŋʔ [q]ˤə[p]-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*r̥ʰoŋʔ qɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ɔːi̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ai⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ai¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ãĩ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[q]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[p]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*r̥ʰoŋʔ qɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jiāo",
      "word": "嬌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāo",
      "word": "娇"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāoguàn",
      "word": "嬌慣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāoguàn",
      "word": "娇惯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāozòng",
      "word": "嬌縱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāozòng",
      "word": "娇纵"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guàn",
      "word": "慣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guàn",
      "word": "惯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàngzòng",
      "word": "放縱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàngzòng",
      "word": "放纵"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nì'ài",
      "word": "溺愛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nì'ài",
      "word": "溺爱"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寵愛",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ちょうあい"
      },
      "expansion": "寵(ちょう)愛(あい) • (chōai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to receive one's favour",
          "roman": "chōai o ukeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "寵",
              "ちょう"
            ],
            [
              "愛",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "受",
              "う"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "寵愛を受ける"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "favour"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "favour",
          "favour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちょーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寵愛する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛し",
      "roman": "chōai shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛した",
      "roman": "chōai shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寵",
          "ちょう"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寵愛すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちょうあいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chōai sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to love specially; to show favour for"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ],
        [
          "specially",
          "specially"
        ],
        [
          "show",
          "show"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "慈しむ"
        },
        {
          "word": "いとおしむ"
        },
        {
          "word": "愛でる"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ちょーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chong'ae",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "총애",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "총애"
      },
      "expansion": "寵愛 • (chong'ae) (hangeul 총애)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "총애"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 총애"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "총애",
          "총애#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寵愛"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 寵愛 meaning in All languages combined (11.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%AF%B5%E6%84%9B'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "寵愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "寵愛",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.